Perl Weekly Challenge 236: Arrays and Loops
This post presents my solutions to the Perl Weekly Challenge 236.I keep doing the Perl Weekly Challenge in order to mantain my coding skills in good shape, as well as in order to learn new things, with particular regard to Raku, a language that I love.
This week, I solved the following tasks:
- PWC 236 - Task 1 - Raku
- PWC 236 - Task 2 - Raku
- PWC 236 - Task 1 in PostgreSQL PL/Perl
- PWC 236 - Task 2 in PostgreSQL PL/Perl
- PWC 236 - Task 1 in PostgreSQL PL/PgSQL
- PWC 236 - Task 2 in PostgreSQL PL/PgSQL
Raku Implementations
PWC 236 - Task 1 - Raku Implementation
The first task was about having to provide a remainder after selling an item that costs$5. Only $10, $5 and $20 notes are supported. The program must return a true of false depending if it can sell an item to every one offering an input note.
sub MAIN( *@cash where { @cash.grep( * % 5 == 0 ).elems == @cash.elems } ) {
my %remainder;
%remainder{ $_ } = 0 for 5,10,20;
for @cash -> $current_cash {
%remainder{ $current_cash }++;
next if $current_cash == 5;
if ( $current_cash == 10 and %remainder{ 5 } > 0 ) {
%remainder{ 5 }--;
}
elsif $current_cash == 20 {
if %remainder{ 10 } > 0 && %remainder{ 5 } > 0 {
%remainder{ 5 }--;
%remainder{ 10 }--;
}
elsif %remainder{ 10 } == 0 && %remainder{ 5 } > 3 {
%remainder{ 5 } -= 3;
}
else {
'False'.say and exit;
}
}
else {
# cannot proceed
'False'.say and exit;
}
}
'True'.say;
}
The idea is this:
%remainder stores the quantity of notes for every value that the seller receives.
Since the item costs $5, it does not have to provide a remainder if the buyer payes exactly five bucks. Otherwise, if the buyer pays ten buck, a $5 must be returned. The $20 case is a little more complex, since the remained could be $5 + $10 or $5 + $5 + $5.
In any case, as soon as the seller cannot provide the remainder, the program ends.
PWC 236 - Task 2 - Raku Implementation
This was about finding loops in a given array: start at an index, get a value, move to the index specified in the value, and continue. If you come back to the starting position, there is a loop.sub MAIN( *@nums where { @nums.grep( * ~~ Int ).elems == @nums.elems } ) {
my @loops;
for 0 ..^ @nums.elems -> $current-start {
my @current-path = ();
@current-path.push: @nums[ $current-start ];
my $next = @nums[ $current-start ];
while ( 0 < $next < @nums.elems ) {
@current-path.push: @nums[ $next ];
if @nums[ $next ] == $current-start {
# loop detected
@loops.push: @current-path;
last;
}
$next = @nums[ $next ];
}
}
@loops.elems.say;
}
The idea is to traverse the array with the
$next index, and if the indexed value is the same as the starting one, a loop has been detetcted and added to the @loops array, so that I can count the elements.
This program provides more loops than the example tells, and apparently they are correct.
PL/Perl Implementations
PWC 236 - Task 1 - PL/Perl Implementation
Same as in Raku, but this time Ireturn a false value immediatly.
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION
pwc236.task1_plperl( int[] )
RETURNS boolean
AS $CODE$
my ( $cash ) = @_;
my $remainder = {};
for my $current_cash ( $cash->@* ) {
$remainder->{ $current_cash }++;
next if $current_cash == 5;
if ( $current_cash == 10 ) {
return 0 if ( $remainder->{ 5 } == 0 );
$remainder->{ 5 }--;
}
if ( $current_cash == 20 ) {
if ( $remainder->{ 10 } > 0 && $remainder->{ 5 } > 0 ) {
$remainder->{ 5 }--;
$remainder->{ 10 }--;
}
elsif ( $remainder->{ 10 } == 0 && $remainder->{ 5 } >= 3 ) {
$remainder->{ 5 } -= 3;
}
else {
return 0;
}
}
}
return 1;
$CODE$
LANGUAGE plperl;
PWC 236 - Task 2 - PL/Perl Implementation
Same as the Raku implementation.CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION
pwc236.task2_plperl( int[] )
RETURNS int
AS $CODE$
my ( $nums ) = @_;
my @loops;
for my $current_start ( 0 .. $nums->@* ) {
my @current_path = ();
push @current_path, $nums->[ $current_start ];
my $next = $nums->[ $current_start ];
while ( 0 < $next < scalar( $nums->@* ) ) {
push @current_path, $nums->[ $next ];
if ( $nums->[ $next ] == $current_start ) {
push @loops, \@current_path;
last;
}
$next = $nums->[ $next ];
}
}
return scalar @loops;
$CODE$
LANGUAGE plperl;
PostgreSQL Implementations
PWC 236 - Task 1 - PL/PgSQL Implementation
This time I use a temporary table as an hash to keep track of how many notes I have with a specific value. This makes the code a little more verbose, because I have to update the table every time I encounter a note.CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION
pwc236.task1_plpgsql( cashing int[] )
RETURNS boolean
AS $CODE$
DECLARE
current_cash int;
available_qty_10 int;
available_qty_5 int;
BEGIN
CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE IF NOT EXISTS remainder( cash int, quantity int default 1 );
TRUNCATE TABLE remainder;
INSERT INTO remainder( cash, quantity )
VALUES
(5, 0 ), ( 10, 0 ), ( 15, 0 );
FOREACH current_cash IN ARRAY cashing LOOP
UPDATE remainder
SET quantity = quantity + 1
WHERE cash = current_cash;
IF current_cash = 5 THEN
CONTINUE;
END IF;
IF current_cash = 10 THEN
SELECT quantity
INTO available_qty_5
FROM remainder
WHERE cash = 5;
IF available_qty_5 > 0 THEN
UPDATE remainder
SET quantity = quantity - 1
WHERE cash = 5;
ELSE
RETURN false;
END IF;
END IF;
IF current_cash = 20 THEN
SELECT quantity
INTO available_qty_10
FROM remainder
WHERE cash = 10;
SELECT quantity
INTO available_qty_5
FROM remainder
WHERE cash = 5;
IF available_qty_10 > 0 AND available_qty_5 > 0 THEN
UPDATE remainder
SET quantity = quantity - 1
WHERE cash IN ( 5, 10 );
ELSIF available_qty_10 = 0 and available_qty_5 >= 3 THEN
UPDATE remainder
SET quantity = quantity - 3
WHERE cash = 5;
ELSE
RETURN false;
END IF;
END IF;
END LOOP;
return true;
END
$CODE$
LANGUAGE plpgsql;
PWC 236 - Task 2 - PL/PgSQL Implementation
This is a shorter solution with respect to the Raku and PL/Perl ones, but it is mainly due to the fact that I don’t keep track of the paths that lead to a loop. The idea behind the solution is the same as the other implementations.CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION
pwc236.task2_plpgsql( nums int[] )
RETURNS int
AS $CODE$
DECLARE
current_start int;
loops int := 0;
next int;
BEGIN
FOR current_start in 1 .. array_length( nums, 1 ) LOOP
next := nums[ current_start ];
WHILE next >= 1 AND next <= array_length( nums, 1 ) LOOP
IF nums[ next ] = current_start THEN
loops := loops + 1;
EXIT;
END IF;
next := nums[ next ];
END LOOP;
END LOOP;
RETURN loops;
END
$CODE$
LANGUAGE plpgsql;